4th Grade Science

Study Guide – Chapter 9: Astronomy

Order of planets from the sun

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto

(My Very Earnest Mother Just Served Us Nine Pizzas)

This is the "normal" order. Note that Neptune and Pluto are reversed now.

Solar system – the part of our galaxy with the sun and the nine planets

Universe – all things which God created

Moon – the satellite of the earth that revolves around it once every 29 ½ days and shines by reflected sunlight (our months are based on the moon’s revolution around the earth)

Earth – the only planet with water

Mars – the red planet

Saturn – one planet with rings

Constellations – star pictures

One revolution – this movement of the earth gives us a year (365 Ό days)

One rotation – this movement of the earth gives us a day (24 hours)

Seven day week – determined by the Genesis account of creation

Seasons – are possible due to the tilt of the earth on its axis

Zodiac – the name of the 12 important constellations that encircle the earth

Astronomy – the true science of the stars and other heavenly bodies

Milky Way – the name of the galaxy we live in

Days of creation

  1. God made day and night
  2. God made the sky
  3. God made land and plants
  4. God made the sun, moon, and stars
  5. God made the birds and water animals
  6. God made land animals and man
  7. God rested

Facts to know

  1. the earth is 93,000,000 miles from the sun
  2. we see a "new" moon when the moon is between the sun and the earth
  3. we see a full moon when the earth is directly between the sun and the moon
  4. there are mountains on the moon
  5. craters are holes on the surface of the moon
  6. the gravity of the sun keeps the planets orbiting the sun
  7. the earth is larger than the moon
  8. dark objects absorb heat and light
  9. light objects reflect heat and light
  10. the sun is made of only gases
  11. the planets revolve around the sun
  12. in 1969, American astronauts landed on the moon
  13. the Big Dipper is part of the constellation called the Great Bear